ANALISIS MODEL PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PAI BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI DALAM LITERATUR PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

Abstract

Digital transformation in education has accelerated the integration of technology into various learning fields, including Islamic Religious Education (IRE). Previous studies indicate that digital learning media such as mobile applications, Learning Management Systems (LMS), gamification, and immersive technologies like Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence can enhance student engagement and learning flexibility. However, most studies on the development of IRE learning media still rely on conventional instructional design models such as ADDIE, 4D, ASSURE, and Borg & Gall, which originate from Western pedagogical traditions. These models often emphasize technical feasibility and cognitive learning outcomes, while the axiological dimensions of Islamic education—such as value internalization, moral formation, and spiritual awareness—receive limited attention.

This study aims to critically analyze the trend of Research and Development (R&D) models used in technology-based IRE learning media and to formulate a conceptual framework aligned with the epistemology of Islamic education. A qualitative approach with a library research method was employed through content analysis of journal articles published between 2020 and 2025.

The findings reveal that ADDIE and 4D dominate the development models, with evaluation parameters mainly focusing on expert validation, practicality testing, and learning effectiveness. This indicates a methodological gap between modern instructional design paradigms and the axiological goals of Islamic education. Therefore, this study proposes TPACK-I (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge–Islamic) as an integrative framework that incorporates Islamic axiological dimensions through spiritual needs analysis, Islamic ethical multimedia design, and axiological evaluation.